The Traditional Indian Ocean Diet

Dietary advice forms the cornerstone in the management of cardiometabolic disease. Though various national and international guidelines suggest different macronutrient proportions, locally framed person-centric diet prescriptions are likely to have a better compliance. In this article, we propose an indigenous traditional Indian Ocean (TRIO) diet, which constitutes a similar pattern of the dietary practices followed by inhabitants of the Indian Ocean littoral region. The TRIO diet highlights on concepts of procurement, preparation, presentation, prioritization, preservation and partaking and may be a good alternative to the Mediterranean diet followed in western countries.

Angioma de células litorales esplénico. Presentación de caso clínico / Littoral cell angioma of the spleen. Report on a clinical case / Angioma de células litoraneas do baço: apresentação de um caso clínico

El angioma de células litorales del bazo es una neoplasia vascular benigna poco frecuente, de presentación clínica, paraclínica e imagenológica inespecífica. Se realizó en nuestro paciente la esplenectomía, el tratamiento indicado y curativo, y se logró el diagnóstico a través de la histología e inmunohistoquímica de la pieza de anatomía patológica.

Littoral cell angioma of the spleen is rather an unusual benign vascular neoplasm with non-specific clinical, paraclinical and imaging presentation. Our patient underwent splenectomy, performed as the appropriate and remedial treatment. Diagnosis was made by means of histology and immunohistochemistry techniques of the pathologic anatomy of the surgical piece.

O angioma de células litoraneas do baço é uma neoplasia vascular benigna rara com apresentação clínica, laboratorial e de imagem inespecíficas. A esplenectomia foi realizada em nosso paciente, sendo esse o tratamento indicado e curativo, obtendo-se o diagnóstico através da histologia e imunohistoquímica da peça anatomopatológica.

Do feminino como estranho ao feminino infamiliar: deslizamentos entre fronteira e litoral / Le féminin entre l'étrange et l'inquietante étrangeté: déplacements entre frontière et littoral / The feminine between the strange and the uncanny: displacements between border and shore

Este trabalho visa extrair algumas consequências da diferença entre o feminino abordado como estranho (sendo por isso excluído e segregado na cultura e na neurose) e um feminino infamiliar, que atravessa cada ser falante à sua revelia como um modo de gozo que desmonta sua totalidade corporal. Buscamos sustentar a hipótese de que a abordagem do feminino como estranho é consequência da operação de recusa do feminino, tomado enquanto um feminino de ninguém. Nessa perspectiva, a recusa do feminino infamiliar retorna pela atribuição neurótica do feminino como algo estranho e invasivo. Nessa direção, apostamos aqui que essa articulação talvez nos permita situar o próprio modo de operação do gozo feminino enquanto infamiliar para o sujeito que dele se defende, tal como o encontramos na clínica da histeria. Como buscamos argumentar, a estrutura da neurose ­ e,comumente, da neurose histérica ­ busca fazer uma fronteira contra o feminino tomando-o como algo estranho, ao passo que o gozo feminino se encontra antes do lado do litoral, com seus avanços e recuos que não respeitamas fronteiras estabelecidas pelas defesas neuróticas.

Ce travail vise à extraire quelques conséquences de la différence entre le féminin abordé comme étrange (et donc exclu et ségrégué dans la culture et la névrose) et un féminin unheimlich, qui traverse chaque être parlant comme un mode de jouissance qui défait son totalité corporelle malgré soi-même. Nous cherchons à étayer l'hypothèse que l'approche du féminin comme étranger est une conséquence de l'opération de refus du féminin unheimlich, pris comme « féminin de personne ¼. Dans cette perspective, le refus du féminin unheimlich revient à travers l'attribution névrotique du féminin comme quelque chose d'étrange et d'envahissant. En ce sens, parions ici que cette articulation permettra peut-être de situer le mode même de fonctionnement de la jouissance féminine comme unheimlich pour le sujet qui s'en défend, tel qu'on le retrouve dans la clinique de l'hystérie. Comme nous argumentons, la structure de la névrose ­ et, communément, de la névrose hystérique ­ cherche à faire frontière contre le féminin en le prenant comme quelque chose d'étrange, tandis que la jouissance féminine se trouve plutôt du côté du littoral, avec des avancées et des retraites qui ne respectent pas les limites établies par les défenses névrotiques.

This work aims to develop some consequences from the difference between the feminine viewed as strange (being thus excluded and segregated in culture and in neurosis) and an uncanny feminine, which traverses each speaking being as a mode of enjoyment that de-consists their bodily totality despite their will. We raise the hypothesis that the approach of the feminine as strange is a consequence of an operation of refusal of the uncanny feminine, taken as a "feminine of no one". In this perspective, the refusal of the uncanny feminine returns by the neurotic attribution of the feminine as something strange and invasive. We thereby argue that such articulation might allow us to situate the mode of operation of the feminine enjoyment as uncanny for the subject that defends itself from it, such as we find it in the clinic of hysteria. As we try to state, the structure of neurosis ­ and, commonly, of hysteric neurosis ­ seeks to build a frontier against the feminine by interpreting it as something strange, meanwhile feminine enjoyment is rather found through the logic of the shore, with its advances and retreats that do not respect any boundaries set by neurotic defenses

An Update on Schistosomiasis: Prevalence, Intensity of Infection and Risk Factors among School-Aged Children in Njombe, Littoral Region, Cameroon

Aims: The study aimed to assess an update of the burden of schistosomiasis among primary school children.Study Design:The study was a school-based cross-sectional study carried out among children aged between 4 to 15 years old.Place and Duration of Study:The study took place in Njombé, Littoral Region, Cameroon from March to April 2017.Methodology:Urine and stool samples were collected were collected from 412 school-aged children and examined using the urine filtration method and the Kato-Katz technique respectively. A questionnaire was administered to assess their water related activities. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 2.0. Logistic regression and odds ratio was used to measure association and strength between variables respectively. P-value < .05 at 95% CI was considered as statistically significant.Results:The overall prevalence of schistosomiasis was 9.7%, with 7,8% and 1,9% of school children infected with S.mansoniand S. haematobium,respectively and 0.7% co-infection with both species. The intensities of S. haematobiumand S. mansoniinfection were 2.1 eggs per 10 mL of urine, 94 eggs per gram of stool respectively. The multiple regression analysis revealed that itching after bathing in backwater (Odds ratio (OR)= 2.427, confidence interval (CI): 1.080 -5454, P=.03). And school children attending EPB Alpha (OR= 2.024), CI: 1.203 –4.804, P=.011). were predictors of schistosomiasis infection. However, significantassociation was found between schistosomiasis and playing in the stream and the presence of the river and back water in thevicinity of schools.Conclusion:There was a drastic decline in the prevalence of schistosomiasis infection in school children in Njombé compared to previous reports. The decrease is attributed to the bi-annual deworming campaign by the Public Health Authorities.

A Condensation Effort: Pina, Lacan, and a Matter of Writing / Um Esforço de Condansação: Pina, Lacan e uma Questão de Escrita

Abstract The present article intends to articulate the notion of letter as littoral, as forged by Jacques Lacan in his textLituraterre, with the German artist and coreographer Pina Bausch's dances and plays. We go from the signifier to the letter in Lacan's teachings and proceed with an analysis of the creative process of Pina Bausch's works, aiming to that which seems to present itself as having no sense, as something out of language's reach; out of what one can say and tell within a field of multiple meanings. Thus, we intend to sew those psychoanalytic concepts to the fragments appearing in Bausch's productions in order to achieve a further grasping and understanding of the concept of letter in Lacan.

Resumo A proposta deste artigo é aproximar a noção de letra como litoral, tal como forjada por Jacques Lacan em seu texto Lituraterra (1971/2003), das danças/montagens da artista e coreógrafa alemã, Pina Bausch. Para tal, constrói-se um percurso do significante à letra no ensino de Lacan, bem como uma análise do processo criativo das montagens de Pina, visando ao que parece se apresentar ali como fora de sentido; fora do que a linguagem pode recobrir, do que se pode dizer e produzir significações. Assim, pretende-se fazer uma costura entre os referidos conceitos psicanalíticos e os fragmentos que se apresentam nas produções bauschianas, a fim de encontrar um recurso possível de transmissão sobre a letra.

13 cases of littoral cell angioma in spleens / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, morphological characteristics, immunophenotypes of littoral cell angioma (LCA) in spleen, and to provide new evidence for making diagnosis and avoiding misdiagnosis.Methods: Clinicopathological data, histological characteristics of 13 cases of LCA were retrospectively studied and immunohistochemical staining was imposed on the paraffi-nembedded specimens, and 5 cases of cavernous hemangioma, 4 cases of normal littoral cells of spleens were used as control groups, simultaneously.Results: All the 13 LCA patients included 7 males and 6 females, aged from 39 to 70 years with an average of 54.2 years and a median age of 55 years.Among these tumor patients, 6 cases were accompanied by malignances, benign tumors or inflammation states at abdominal cavities, and 7 cases were accidentally discovered by physical examinations.Grossly, spleens contained solitary or multiple gray red nodules ,which ranged from 0.5 to 6.2 cm in diameter.Histologically, tumors were composed by anastomosing vascular spaces which were lining by plump, rounded to cuboidal littoral cells that extended into vascular lumens.Usually, papillary frameworks that were covered by these cells were also seen extending into the lumens in some areas.Other types of histiocytoid cells were identified in lumens and the sizes were larger than the littoral cells.Both types of cells absented cytologic atypia.Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the littoral cells in all cases were positive for vascular endothelial and histiocyte markers, such as CD21, CD31, CD68, polyclone FⅧRAg and ERG, while these cells were negative for CD8, CD34, and WT-1.These findings manifested that immunophenotype of littoral cell in LCA distinctive from that in controls.Conclusion: LCA is a benign lesion, which frequently occurs in the elderly.Its etiology remains confusion, however, immune dysregulation may associate with it because of the concomitance with other tumor or inflammation in some cases.The littoral cells in LCA show a hybrid endothelial-histiocytic phenotype on immunohistochemistry, therefore these cells may have features that intermediate between those of endotheliocytes and histiocytes.Emphasizing the histological findings and immunophenotypes is significant for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Seasonal dynamics of the shoreline vegetation in the Zapatosa floodplain lake complex, Colombia / Dinámica estacional de la vegetación litoral en el complejo lagunar inundable Zapatosa, Colombia

Floodplain lakes and associated wetlands in tropical dry climates are controlled by pronounced and severe seasonal hydrologic fluctuations. We examined the plant community response to a bimodal flooding pattern in the Zapatosa Floodplain Lake Complex (ZFLC), Northern Colombia. We measured floristic and quantitative change in four sampling periods emphasizing seasonal differences in plant abundance and life-form structure. Of 79 species identified in the lake complex, 52 were used to characterize eight community types via classification and ordination procedures. Results showed that community structure does not change significantly during the flooding/receding stages. But maximum drawdown phase significantly disrupts the aquatic community structure and the exposed shorelines become colonized by ruderal terrestrial plants. Early rainfalls at the beginning of the wet season are emphasized as an important feature of plant regeneration and community development. The general strategy of the ZFLC vegetation can be framed into the flood pulse concept of river-floodplain systems. Thus, plant communities are mainly responding to disturbances and destruction events imposed by extreme water level fluctuations. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (3): 1073-1097. Epub 2014 September 01.

Las ciénagas y humedales asociados a sistemas fluviales en climas tropicales secos son controlados por fluctuaciones hidrológicas estacionales pronunciadas. En este trabajo se examinó la respuesta de la comunidad vegetal a un patrón bimodal de inundaciones en el complejo de ciénagas de Zapatosa (ZFLC), al norte de Colombia. Se estudiaron los cambios florísticos y cuantitativos de la vegetación en cuatro periodos de muestreo destacando diferencias estacionales en las abundancias y la estructura biotipológica de las plantas. De las 79 especies identificadas en el complejo lagunar, 52 se utilizaron para caracterizar ocho tipos de comunidades mediante tácticas multivariadas de clasificación y ordenación. Los resultados revelan que la estructura de las comunidades no cambia de manera significativa durante los periodos de inundación/sequía. Únicamente la época de máxima sequía altera la estructura de las comunidades acuáticas y el litoral expuesto es colonizado por plantas ruderales terrestres. Las precipitaciones iniciales al inicio de la temporada de lluvias se destacan como una característica importante para la regeneración de las plantas y el desarrollo subsiguiente de las comunidades. La estrategia de sobrevivencia general de la vegetación acuática del ZFLC puede enmarcarse en el concepto de pulso de inundación de los sistemas fluviales inundables. Por lo tanto las comunidades vegetales responden principalmente a los disturbios y la destrucción impuestos por las fluctuaciones extremas del nivel del agua.

Molluscs associated with the macroalgae of the genus Gracilaria (Rhodophyta): importance of algal fronds as microhabitat in a hypersaline mangrove in Northeastern Brazil

The fronds of marine macroalgae play an important role in coastal ecosystems because the algae banks are utilized as a microhabitat by different taxa, including molluscs, one of the most abundant and diverse animals of marine ecosystems. In this study, we characterized the malacofauna associated with the macroalgae Gracilaria domingensis (Kützing) Sonder ex Dickie 1874 and Gracilaria cuneata Areschoug 1854 of a hypersaline mangrove on the northern coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. The first alga dominates in the rainy season and it is substituted by second one in the dry period. A total of 1,490 molluscs were surveyed, representing 56 species in 29 families: 1,081 were associated with G. domingensis and 409 with G. cuneata, the latter showing the greater diversity (H=1.25). Columbellidae, Neritidae, Pyramidellidae and Cerithiidae were among the most representative families in the number of species and individuals. The micromolluscs were dominant in the algal microhabitat, constituting 74.63% of the malacofauna recorded. The columbellid Parvanachis obesa(C. B. Adams, 1845) was the dominant species followed by the neritid Neritina virginea (Linnaeus, 1758) in both algae. In spite of the annual alternated succession of the algae species, at least 15 mollusc species are common for these algae. Furthermore, juveniles of P. obesa were recorded in both seasons, indicating a continuous reproduction. Possible reasons for difference in abundance, diversity and dominance of molluscs living on these algae are discussed. Both species of substrate-algae represent an important microhabitat for refuge, feeding and the reproduction of small-sized mollusc species during rainy and dry seasons.

As frondes de macroalgas marinhas exercem um importante papel nos ecossistemas costeiros, tendo em vista que os bancos de algas são utilizados como microhabitat por diferentes táxons, incluindo os moluscos, que estão entre os mais abundantes e diversos animais dos ecossistemas marinhos. Neste estudo, caracterizou-se a malacofauna associada às macroalgas Gracilaria domingensis (Kützing) Sonder ex Dickie 1874 e Gracilaria cuneata Areschoug 1854 de um manguezal hipersalino da costa norte do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Nordeste do Brasil. A primeira alga domina no período chuvoso e é substituída pela segunda no período seco. Foram inventariados 1.490 moluscos, representando 56 espécies em 29 famílias: 1.081 estavam associados a G. domingensis e 409 a G. cuneata, esta última apresentando maior diversidade (H=1,25). Columbellidae, Neritidae, Pyramidellidae e Cerithiidae estiveram entre as famílias mais representativas em número de espécies e indivíduos. Os micromoluscos foram dominantes no microhabitat algal, constituindo 74,63% da malacofauna registrada. O columbelídeo Parvanachis obesa (C. B. Adams, 1845) foi a espécie dominante, seguida pelo neritídeo Neritina virginea (Linnaeus, 1758) em ambas as algas. Apesar da sucessão alternada anual das espécies de algas, pelo menos 15 espécies de moluscos são comuns a estas algas. Além disso, os jovens de P. obesa foram registrados em ambas as estações, indicando uma reprodução contínua. São discutidas possíveis razões para a diferença na abundância, diversidade e dominância dos moluscos habitantes destas algas. Ambas as espécies de alga-substrato representam um importante microhabitat para refúgio, alimentação e reprodução para pequenas espécies de moluscos durante as estações chuvosa e seca.

Variability of coastal suprabenthic assemblages from sandy beaches of the Caribbean coast of Venezuela / Variabilidad de agregaciones suprabentónicas costeras de playas arenosas de la costa Caribe de Venezuela

The suprabenthos or hyperbenthos is the macrofaunal assemblage of small-sized organisms that interact for some time in the benthic boundary layer. Information about the taxonomic composition and role of suprabenthic species, especially in littoral zones, is scarce and scattered. This work attempts to contribute alleviate this problem. We analyze the temporal and spatial variations of suprabenthic assemblages in the swash-zone from four beaches of the littoral coast of Venezuela. For each beach, two sites were chosen, and special attention was given to water and sediment characteristics. 12 environmental variables were measured: Dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation percentage, pH, salinity, surface temperature, total, organic and inorganic suspended solids, total organic carbon, organic matter in sediment, grain size of sediment, and amount of dragged material of sample. All faunal samples were taken on a monthly basis during 2011; these were extracted using a manual suprabenthic sledge towed parallel to the shoreline. Samples were sorted and identified to their lowest possible taxonomic level. A total of 24 141 specimens (mean abundance: 26.16±55.35ind./m²) belonging to 21 taxonomic groups were identified. Analysis suggests that seasonality does not explain observed changes either in fauna or environmental variables. It was found that suprabenthic assemblages, total suprabenthos density, richness and environmental variables changed in a dissimilar fashion between months and beaches. The most frequent groups were amphipods and decapods; and at the species/categories level post-larval shrimp (Penaeidae), Grapsidae crab megalopae and Arenaeus cribarius megalopae were common. Dissimilarity between months in each beach was primarily explained by the abundance of amphipods, ctenophores, decapods and mysids. For particular months and selected beaches very high abundances of ctenophores were found. This group dominated the sample even though it is not usually a representative group in suprabenthos. Samples showed low correlations between suprabenthos and environmental variables. A somewhat stronger correlation could be established between water characteristics and dragged material abundance. The studied suprabenthos assemblage was found to have high taxa richness and very dynamic behaviour at spatial and temporal scale. Further analysis suggested that there is no evident pattern of distribution and that causality can not be directly attributed to temporal variation only. Possibly there is an influence of a synergy of environmentals or biological factors, rather than a single variable. The species Americamysis bahia and Americamysis taironana are reported for the first time in Venezuela. This study represents the first ecological research of the suprabenthos in the Caribbean region.

El suprabentos o hiperbentos es la agregación de organismos de pequeño tamaño que interactúan por cierto tiempo en la capa de límite bentónico. La información de la composición taxonómica y el papel de las especies suprabentónicas, especialmente en la zona litoral, es escasa. Este trabajo trata de contribuir a solventar este problema. Se analizó la variación espacial y temporal de la agregación suprabentónica en la zona de rompiente de cuatro playas en la costa litoral de Venezuela. Se dio especial atención al sedimento y características del agua. Todas las muestras fueron tomadas mensualmente durante el 2011. Las muestras fueron extraídas utilizando un trineo suprabentónico manual paralelo a la línea de costa. En cada playa se escogieron dos sitios. Las muestras fueron separadas e identificadas hasta el nivel taxonómico más bajo posible. Se midieron doce variables ambientales: oxígeno disuelto, porcentaje de saturación de oxígeno, pH, salinidad, temperatura superficial, sólidos suspendidos totales, inorgánicos y orgánicos, carbono orgánico total, materia orgánica en sedimento, tamaño del grano de sedimento y cantidad de material arrastrado en cada muestra. Se identificaron un total de 24 141 individuos (densidad promedio: 26.16±55.35ind./m2), pertenecientes a 21 grupos taxonómicos. Los análisis sugieren que la estacionalidad no explica los cambios observados en la fauna ni en las variables ambientales. La agregación del suprabentos, la densidad total, riqueza y variables ambientales cambiaron de manera diferente entre meses y playas. Los grupos más frecuentes fueron anfípodos y decápodos. A nivel de especies/categorías fueron las post-larvas de camarón (Penaeidae), las megalopas de cangrejos Grapsidae y de Arenaeus cribarius (Lamarck, 1818). La disimilitud entre meses en cada playa se debe principalmente a la abundancia de anfípodos, ctenóforos, decápodos y misidáceos. En meses particulares y algunas playas, se encontraron altas abundancias de ctenóforos. Este grupo dominó esas muestras, aún cuando no son frecuentemente un grupo representativo del suprabentos. Se encontraron bajas correlaciones entre el suprabentos y las variables ambientales. Una relación un poco más fuerte fue establecida con las características del agua y la abundancia de material arrastrado. La agregación de suprabentos estudiada tuvo una alta riqueza taxonómica y fue muy dinámica tanto espacial como temporalmente. Los análisis sugieren que no hay un patrón evidente de distribución y el azar no puede ser atribuido sólo a la variación temporal. Posiblemente hay influencia de una sinergia de factores ambientales o biológicos, más que de una variable en particular. Las especies Americamysis bahia (Molenock, 1969) y Americamysis taironana (Brattegard, 1973) se reportan por primera vez para Venezuela. Este es el primer estudio ecológico del suprabentos en el Mar Caribe.

Molluscs associated with the macroalgae of the genus Gracilaria (Rhodophyta): importance of algal fronds as microhabitat in a hypersaline mangrove in Northeastern Brazil / Moluscos associados a macroalgas do gênero Gracilaria (Rhodophyta): importância das frondes algais como microhabitat em um manguezal hipersalino no Nordeste do Brasil

The fronds of marine macroalgae play an important role in coastal ecosystems because the algae banks are utilized as a microhabitat by different taxa, including molluscs, one of the most abundant and diverse animals of marine ecosystems. In this study, we characterized the malacofauna associated with the macroalgae Gracilaria domingensis (Kützing) Sonder ex Dickie 1874 and Gracilaria cuneata Areschoug 1854 of a hypersaline mangrove on the northern coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. The first alga dominates in the rainy season and it is substituted by second one in the dry period. A total of 1,490 molluscs were surveyed, representing 56 species in 29 families: 1,081 were associated with G. domingensis and 409 with G. cuneata, the latter showing the greater diversity (H′=1.25). Columbellidae, Neritidae, Pyramidellidae and Cerithiidae were among the most representative families in the number of species and individuals. The micromolluscs were dominant in the algal microhabitat, constituting 74.63% of the malacofauna recorded. The columbellid Parvanachis obesa (C. B. Adams, 1845) was the dominant species followed by the neritid Neritina virginea (Linnaeus, 1758) in both algae. In spite of the annual alternated succession of the algae species, at least 15 mollusc species are common for these algae. Furthermore, juveniles of P. obesa were recorded in both seasons, indicating a continuous reproduction. Possible reasons for difference in abundance, diversity and dominance of molluscs living on these algae are discussed. Both species of substrate-algae represent an important microhabitat for refuge, feeding and the reproduction of small-sized mollusc species during rainy and dry seasons.

As frondes de macroalgas marinhas exercem um importante papel nos ecossistemas costeiros, tendo em vista que os bancos de algas são utilizados como microhabitat por diferentes táxons, incluindo os moluscos, que estão entre os mais abundantes e diversos animais dos ecossistemas marinhos. Neste estudo, caracterizou-se a malacofauna associada às macroalgas Gracilaria domingensis (Kützing) Sonder ex Dickie 1874 e Gracilaria cuneata Areschoug 1854 de um manguezal hipersalino da costa norte do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Nordeste do Brasil. A primeira alga domina no período chuvoso e é substituída pela segunda no período seco. Foram inventariados 1.490 moluscos, representando 56 espécies em 29 famílias: 1.081 estavam associados a G. domingensis e 409 a G. cuneata, esta última apresentando maior diversidade (H′=1,25). Columbellidae, Neritidae, Pyramidellidae e Cerithiidae estiveram entre as famílias mais representativas em número de espécies e indivíduos. Os micromoluscos foram dominantes no microhabitat algal, constituindo 74,63% da malacofauna registrada. O columbelídeo Parvanachis obesa (C. B. Adams, 1845) foi a espécie dominante, seguida pelo neritídeo Neritina virginea (Linnaeus, 1758) em ambas as algas. Apesar da sucessão alternada anual das espécies de algas, pelo menos 15 espécies de moluscos são comuns a estas algas. Além disso, os jovens de P. obesa foram registrados em ambas as estações, indicando uma reprodução contínua. São discutidas possíveis razões para a diferença na abundância, diversidade e dominância dos moluscos habitantes destas algas. Ambas as espécies de alga-substrato representam um importante microhabitat para refúgio, alimentação e reprodução para pequenas espécies de moluscos durante as estações chuvosa e seca.

Composição taxonômica da assembleia de larvas de peixes no reservatório de Rosana, Rio Paranapanema, Brasil / Taxonomic composition of the assemblage of fish larvae in the Rosana reservoir, Paranapanema River, Brazil

Em reservatórios, são escassos os estudos que consideram as fases iniciais do ciclo de vida de peixes, sendo que informações sobre a ecologia de larvas de peixes são úteis para o entendimento da biologia das espécies, visto que os estágios iniciais representam um período crítico no ciclo de vida dos peixes. Neste contexto, o conhecimento a respeito das assembleias de larvas pode ser valioso para a predição e o entendimento do recrutamento, auxiliando desta maneira, no manejo do ambiente. Desta forma, o presente trabalho pretende verificar a composição da assembleia de larvas de peixes em diferentes regiões do reservatório. As coletas foram realizadas trimestralmente (março, junho, setembro e dezembro) no ano de 2002, nas regiões limnética e litorânea das zonas fluvial, transição e lacustre do reservatório de Rosana. No laboratório, o material foi triado e as larvas foram separadas e identificadas ao menor nível taxonômico possível. Os táxons que tiveram maior contribuição na região limnética foram Plagioscion squamosissimus (Perciformes), Hypophthalmus edentatus, Pimelodus maculatus (Siluriformes), Astyanax spp. e Roeboides descalvadensis (Characiformes), enquanto na região litorânea Bryconamericus stramineus e Apareiodon affinis (Characiformes). As regiões limnética e litorânea do reservatório, assim como suas respectivas zonas apresentaram diferenças na composição de espécies de larvas e a segregação das assembleias pode estar sendo influenciada pela preferência por habitats ou por questões evolutivas que envolvem as estratégias reprodutivas das espécies.

There are few studies in reservoirs that consider the Early Life Stages (ELS) of fish. Information on the ecology of fish larvae are useful for understanding the biology of the species, since ELS represent a critical period in fish life cycle. In this context, knowledge about the assemblages of larvae can be valuable for the prediction and understanding of recruitment, thus assisting in the management of the environment. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the composition of the assemblage of fish larvae in different regions of Rosana reservoir. Samples were collected quarterly (March, June, September and December) in 2002, in the limnetic and littoral regions of the zones fluvial, transition and lacustrine of reservoir. In the laboratory, the material was sorted and larvae were separated and identified to lowest possible taxonomic level. The taxa that were the major contributors in the limnetic region were Plagioscion squamosissimus (Perciformes), Hypophthalmus edentatus, Pimelodus maculatus (Siluriformes), Astyanax spp. and Roeboides descalvadensis (Characiformes), whereas in the coastal region Bryconamericus stramineus and Apareiodon affinis (Characiformes) prevailed. Limnetic and littoral regions of the reservoir, as well as their respective zones showed differences in larvae species composition and segregation of assemblages can be influenced by a preference for habitats or evolutionary questions involving reproductive strategies of species.

Pelagic and littoral cladocerans (Crustacea, Anomopoda and Ctenopoda) from reservoirs of the Northwest of São Paulo State, Brazil / Cladóceros (Crustacea, Anomopoda e Ctenopoda) pelágicos e litorâneos em reservatórios na região noroeste do estado de São Paulo, Brasil

There are few studies on the zooplankton from the northwestern region of São Paulo State, Brazil, compared to other regions of the State. Cladocerans are a very representative zooplankton group with high species diversity. Most of this diversity can be found at littoral zones of lakes and reservoirs, especially those occupied by macrophytes. This study was part of a thematic project FAPESP/BIOTA Program - The Virtual Institute of Biodiversity (www.biotasp.org.br), and its aim is to catalogue and analyze the distribution of cladoceran species (Crustacea, Anomopoda and Ctenopoda) in pelagic and littoral zones from small reservoirs in the northwest of the São Paulo State, in dry and rainy seasons. Zooplankton samplings were carried out in littoral and pelagic zone of 10 small shallow reservoirs (mean depth: 2.8 m) using a plankton 45 µm mesh net. Water physical and chemical parameters were also monitored with a multiparameter Horiba U10. pH and dissolved oxygen concentration were lower at rainy than dry seasons, indicating high decomposition rates of organic matter introduced from the rural environment, being the main factor contributing to reservoirs' eutrophication. Fifty eight cladocerans species were recorded, with four new occurrences for the São Paulo State. This high richness contrasts with the high devastation of the northwestern region in the State. During the two seasons, littoral zones presented higher cladoceran richness and diversity than pelagic zone. Littoral zones with higher macrophytes diversity also showed higher cladocerans richness and diversity than that with low macrophyte diversity. Littoral and pelagic zones comparisons emphasized the importance of studies on different regions of the aquatic environments, confirming the elevated richness in the littoral zone, as reported in previous works. This study revealed also the strong influence of the macrophyte community and the adjacent terrestrial environment, which is occupied by forest or agriculture.

A região noroeste paulista é uma das regiões com menor quantidade de dados sobre o zooplâncton, comparado a outras regiões do estado. Os Cladocera constituem um grupo bastante representativo do zooplâncton, apresentando elevada diversidade de espécies. A maior parte desta diversidade pode ser encontrada nas regiões litorâneas de lagos e reservatórios, especialmente aquelas ocupadas por muitas macrófitas. Como parte de um projeto temático mais amplo (Programa Biota-Fapesp - Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade, www.biotasp.org.br), o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de caracterizar as comunidades de cladóceros (Crustacea, Anomopoda e Ctenopoda) pelágicos e litorâneos presentes em pequenos reservatórios na região noroeste do estado de São Paulo, nas estações seca e chuvosa. As amostragens foram realizadas tanto na zona litorânea quanto pelágica de 10 pequenos reservatórios rasos (média de 2,8 m), através de arrastos verticais com rede de plâncton de 45 µm de malha. Parâmetros físicos e químicos da água também foram avaliados utilizando-se o aparelho Horiba U10. As concentrações de oxigênio e o pH foram mais baixos na estação chuvosa, indicando maiores taxas de decomposição. A entrada de matéria proveniente do ambiente rural pode ser o principal fator que contribui para a eutrofização dos reservatórios. No total, foram identificadas 58 espécies de cladóceros, sendo que destas, quatro constituem novas ocorrências para o estado de São Paulo. Esta elevada riqueza contrapõe-se com o fato de que a região noroeste paulista tem sido considerada uma das mais devastadas do estado. Maiores valores de riqueza e diversidade foram observados na zona litorânea, comparado à zona pelágica, durante as duas estações. Zonas litorâneas com maior diversidade de macrófitas também apresentaram maiores riqueza e diversidade de espécies de cladóceros do que zonas com menor diversidade de macrófitas. As comparações entre as zonas litorâneas e pelágicas evidenciaram a importância dos estudos nos diferentes compartimentos dos ambientes aquáticos, confirmando a elevada riqueza na zona litorânea, já relatada em tantos outros trabalhos, bem como revelando a forte influência da comunidade de macrófitas e do ambiente terrestre adjacente.

Splenic Littoral Cell Angioma with Hepatitis C Associated Liver Cirrhosis

Littoral cell angioma (LCA) of spleen is an uncommon vascular neoplasm of littoral cell origin. It is well established that LCA may be associated with other malignancy or autoimmune disorders. We describe a 34-year-old woman with viral hepatitis C associated liver cirrhosis who presented with the incidental finding of LCA. She showed ascites, esophageal varix and drowsy mentality. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed multiple benign looking nodules in both hepatic lobes, but no abnormality in spleen. Liver transplantation and splenectomy were performed. Microscopic findings revealed narrow anastomosing vascular channels lined with plump cells that exfoliated into the lumen. Immunohistochemically the lining cells were positive for CD31, CD68 and negative for CD34, consistent with LCA. Herein, a second case of an incidentally detected LCA with cirrhosis, viral hepatitis C associated in Korea is reported.

Seasonal and vertical distributions of porewater phosphorus and iron concentrations in a macrophyte-dominated eutrophic lake.

In this study, variations in total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and total iron (TFe) concentrations and pH values in the littoral sediment porewater of macrophyte-dominated eutrophic Mogan Lake (Turkey), were determined depth wise (0-20 cm, on a basis of 5 cm depths) over a period of eleven months. Additionally, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, TDP, SRP and TFe levels in the overlying water were measured. Especially in the spring and summer months constituting a large portion of the research period, seasonal variation of SRP at depths between 0-5 cm and 15-20 cm were not found to be statistically significant (p>0.01). However, in the fall and winter months, surface sediment (0-5 cm) SRP values were elevated in comparison with deeper sediment depths. As for TFe values, no clear seasonal variation was evident at different depths. Due to the fact that TFe concentrations in the overlying water (101.25-511.67 mg.m-3) were lower than iron concentrations in the porewater (104.00-783.00 mg.m-3), positive phosphorus release remained at low levels. In this eutrophic lake, in which action is continuing to reduce the external phosphorus load, monitoring SRP variations in the overlying water and porewater would be beneficial.

Effects of limnological and morphometric factors upon Zmin, Zmax and width of Egeria spp stands in a tropical reservoir

In this work, regression analyses were used to test the effects of fetch, littoral slope and Secchi disk depth upon the stand width (Wi) and maximum (Zmax) and minimum (Zmin) colonization depths of Egeria spp in a large tropical reservoir (Rosana Reservoir). Littoral slope was the only variable correlated with Wi, which was larger in locations with lower slopes. The higher Wi values (up to 260m) were found in locations where slopes were lower than 0.05 m.m-1. Zmin and Zmax were correlated positively with fetch. Nevertheless, different relationships were found at lower and higher fetch values observed in the arms and in the main body of the reservoir, respectively. At lower values, Secchi disk depth was the main variable explaining Egeria Zmax. On the other hand, in locations where fetch was longer (i.e. in the main axis of the reservoir), it was the only variable that explained Zmax significantly. Despite the great variability, the results indicated that the measured limnological (Secchi disk) and morphometric (fetch and slope) variables were important determinants of Egeria spp colonization in the Rosana Reservoir.

Regressões múltiplas foram utilizadas com o objetivo de testar os efeitos do fetch (distância livre para ação do vento), declividade da região litorânea e da profundidade do disco de Secchi sobre a largura e os limites de colonização superior (Zmax) e inferior (Zmin) de bancos de Egeria spp em um grande reservatório tropical (Reservatório de Rosana). A declividade foi a única variável correlacionada com a largura dos bancos, que foi maior em locais com menor declividade. Os maiores valores da largura (até 260m) foram registrados em locais com declividade inferior a 0,05 m.m-1. Zmin e Zmax foram correlacionadas positivamente com o fetch. Entretanto, para o Zmax, diferentes relações foram encontradas em valores de fetchs baixos e altos, observados nos braços e no corpo central do reservatório, respectivamente. Em valores de fetch mais baixos, a profundidade de disco de Secchi foi a principal variável que explicou Zmax dos estandes de Egeria. Por outro lado, em valores de fetch mais elevados (obtidos no corpo central do reservatório), o fetch foi a única variável significativamente correlacionada com a Zmax.

Zooplankton in littoral waters of a tropical lake: a revisited biodiversity / Zooplâncton da região litorânea de um lago tropical: a biodiversidade revisitada

The present study was carried out in Lake Dom Helvécio, in the state of Minas Gerais, with two main objectives: to demonstrate the contribution of the littoral zone, in order to better characterize zooplankton fauna; and to assess the distribution of zooplankton species in different habitats, i.e., the littoral zone with and without aquatic vegetation. The samples were collected in February and July 2006, throughout the littoral zone of the lake, in areas with and without aquatic vegetation. We identified a total of 188 species, of which 130 are new records for Lake Dom Helvécio. One hundred and eighty-four species were identified in the littoral zone with aquatic vegetation, and 117 in the zone with no vegetation. The higher zooplankton richness in areas of the littoral zone with aquatic vegetation can be related to the greater environmental heterogeneity. Compared to previous studies on the littoral zones of lakes along the middle River Doce, the present study expended greater sampling effort, and identified many more species. In relation to biological conservation, this study demonstrated the importance of the littoral zone for better characterization and conservation of the zooplankton fauna, especially when it is colonized by aquatic vegetation. Underestimating the richness of species may provide inaccurate data on the biota, as well as on the ecological conditions in an environment.

O presente estudo foi realizado no lago Dom Helvécio (MG) tendo como principais objetivos: demonstrar a contribuição da região litorânea para uma melhor caracterização da fauna zooplanctônica, avaliar a distribuição destas espécies em diferentes habitats (região litorânea com e sem vegetação aquática). As amostras foram coletadas nos meses de fevereiro e julho de 2006, ao longo da região litorânea, em pontos amostrais com e sem vegetação aquática. Um total de 188 espécies foi identificado. Desses organismos, 130 representaram novos registros para o lago Dom Helvécio. Foram identificadas 184 espécies na região litorânea com vegetação aquática e 117 na região litorânea sem vegetação. A maior riqueza em espécies zooplanctônicas na região litorânea com vegetação aquática está relacionada com a maior heterogeneidade ambiental. Quando comparado aos estudos realizados anteriormente na região litorânea de lagos do médio rio Doce, este estudo destaca-se pelo maior esforço amostral e número de espécies identificadas. No tocante à conservação biológica, o presente estudo mostrou a importância da região litorânea, especialmente quando colonizada por vegetação aquática para uma melhor caracterização e conservação da fauna zooplanctônica. A riqueza em espécies subestimada pode fornecer dados irreais sobre a biota, bem como das condições ecológicas de um ambiente.

Zooplankton in littoral waters of a tropical lake: a revisited biodiversity

The present study was carried out in Lake Dom Helvécio, in the state of Minas Gerais, with two main objectives: to demonstrate the contribution of the littoral zone, in order to better characterize zooplankton fauna; and to assess the distribution of zooplankton species in different habitats, i.e., the littoral zone with and without aquatic vegetation. The samples were collected in February and July 2006, throughout the littoral zone of the lake, in areas with and without aquatic vegetation. We identified a total of 188 species, of which 130 are new records for Lake Dom Helvécio. One hundred and eighty-four species were identified in the littoral zone with aquatic vegetation, and 117 in the zone with no vegetation. The higher zooplankton richness in areas of the littoral zone with aquatic vegetation can be related to the greater environmental heterogeneity. Compared to previous studies on the littoral zones of lakes along the middle River Doce, the present study expended greater sampling effort, and identified many more species. In relation to biological conservation, this study demonstrated the importance of the littoral zone for better characterization and conservation of the zooplankton fauna, especially when it is colonized by aquatic vegetation. Underestimating the richness of species may provide inaccurate data on the biota, as well as on the ecological conditions in an environment.

O presente estudo foi realizado no lago Dom Helvécio (MG) tendo como principais objetivos: demonstrar a contribuição da região litorânea para uma melhor caracterização da fauna zooplanctônica, avaliar a distribuição destas espécies em diferentes habitats (região litorânea com e sem vegetação aquática). As amostras foram coletadas nos meses de fevereiro e julho de 2006, ao longo da região litorânea, em pontos amostrais com e sem vegetação aquática. Um total de 188 espécies foi identificado. Desses organismos, 130 representaram novos registros para o lago Dom Helvécio. Foram identificadas 184 espécies na região litorânea com vegetação aquática e 117 na região litorânea sem vegetação. A maior riqueza em espécies zooplanctônicas na região litorânea com vegetação aquática está relacionada com a maior heterogeneidade ambiental. Quando comparado aos estudos realizados anteriormente na região litorânea de lagos do médio rio Doce, este estudo destaca-se pelo maior esforço amostral e número de espécies identificadas. No tocante à conservação biológica, o presente estudo mostrou a importância da região litorânea, especialmente quando colonizada por vegetação aquática para uma melhor caracterização e conservação da fauna zooplanctônica. A riqueza em espécies subestimada pode fornecer dados irreais sobre a biota, bem como das condições ecológicas de um ambiente.

Species richness and geographic distribution of the genera Chydorus and Pseudochydorus (Cladocera, Chydoridae) in São Paulo State / Distribuição das espécies dos gêneros Chydorus e Pseudochydorus (Cladocera, Chydoridae) no estado de São Paulo

The Chydorus and Pseudochydorus genera are widely distributed around the world. Some species of Chydorus are among the commonest anomopods and Pseudochydorus globosus, the only species of the genus, is believed cosmopolitan. This study was part of the project " Zooplanktonic biodiversity and state of degradation of continental water ecosystems in São Paulo State" , itself a part of the FAPESP/BIOTA Program - The Virtual Institute of Biodiversity (www.biotasp.org.br), the aim being to make an inventory and analyze the distribution of species of the genera Chydorus and Pseudochydorus in São Paulo State, Brazil. In total, 373 samples were collected from 223 water bodies in the Water Resources Management Units of São Paulo State, between 9/9/1999 and 8/28/2002. The sampled sites varied from small streams, rivers, ponds, lakes up to big reservoirs. Six species of the genus Chydorus and one of the genus Pseudochydorus were recorded. The most common and widely distributed species were Chydorus eurynotus and Chydorus pubescens. The species Chydorus parvireticulatus occurred only in one Water Resources Management Unit of the state, and constituted the first recorded of this species in São Paulo State.

Os gêneros Chydorus e Pseudochydorus são de ampla distribuição geográfica. Algumas espécies de Chydorus estão entre os anomópodos mais comuns e Pseudochydorus globosus, a única espécie do gênero, é considerada cosmopolita. O presente estudo está inserido no projeto " Biodiversidade zooplanctônica e o estado de degradação dos ecossistemas aquáticos continentais do estado de São Paulo" , como parte do Programa BIOTA/FAPESP - O Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade (www.biota.org.br) e teve como objetivo o inventário e a análise da distribuição das espécies dos gêneros Chydorus e Pseudochydorus no estado de São Paulo. Foram amostrados 223 corpos de água e 373 amostras das unidades de gerenciamento dos recursos hídricos do estado de São Paulo, entre 09/09/1999 e 28/08/2002. Os ambientes amostrados compreenderam desde pequenos córregos, rios, lagoas, lagos, até grandes reservatórios. Foram registradas seis espécies do gênero Chydorus e uma espécie do gênero Pseudochydorus. As espécies mais comuns e mais amplamente distribuídas foram Chydorus eurynotus e Chydorus pubescens. A espécie Chydorus parvireticulatus ocorreu em apenas uma unidade de gerenciamento recursos hídricos e constituiu o primeiro registro desta espécie no Estado de São Paulo.

Evaluation of sampling methods for periphytic fauna in macrophytes at the Espinhaço Mountain Range Biosphere Reserve, Minas Gerais State, Brazil - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v30i3.377 / Avaliação dos métodos de amostragem para fauna perifítica em macrófitas na Reserva da Biosfera, Serra do Espinhaço, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v30i3.377

The methods Jar, Manual Removal and modified Ekman`s Dredge were evaluated for sampling periphyton fauna associated to aquatic macrophytes. Sixty three samples were collected from five lentic and three lotic water bodies at Espinhaço Mountain Range Biosphere Reserve (Minas Gerais, Brazil). ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests were performed for Protista, Rotifera and Crustacea richness, whilst Protista, Rotifera, Crustacea, Gastrotricha, Tardigrada and Nematoda, abundance were evaluate by percentage. Amongst the three methods, Dregde is less indicated for different water bodies systems when there is interested in analyzing various microinvertebrate groups. The Protista and Rotifera are both 80% of the total invertebrate community abundance and richness. In evaluated ecosystems, for Protista analysis all methods are relevant; on the other hand, Crustacea analysis demands Jar methods. The Manual Removal and Dregde methods are appropriated to Rotifera analysis. The abundance of Gastrotricha and Tardigrada demonstrated better results for Jar method, and Nematoda for Dregde method. The three methods are appropriated for periphytic fauna sampling in both water body systems, nevertheless is important to be aware that for each fauna community in a specified ecosystem there is a specific method for best performance.

Os métodos Jarra, Remocao Manual e Draga de Eckman modificada foram avaliados para amostrar a fauna perifitica associada a macrofitas aquaticas. Foram coletadas 63 amostras em cinco ambientes lenticos e tres loticos na reserva da biosfera da Serra do Espinhaco (Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil). Os testes estatisticos Anova e Tukey foram feitos para riqueza de Protista, Rotifera e Crustacea, enquanto para a abundancia de Protista, Rotifera, Crustacea, Gastrotricha, Tardigrada e Nematoda foram avaliados os percentuais. Os protozoarios e rotiferos representaram 80% da abundancia e riqueza da comunidade. Nos ecossistemas avaliados todos os metodos foram relevantes para Protista, por outro lado, o metodo da Jarra foi o mais adequado para a analise de Crustacea. Entre os metodos, a Draga foi menos indicada para os grupos de microinvertebrados nos ecossistemas aquaticos. Os metodos Remocao Manual e Draga foram apropriados para analisar Rotifera. A abundancia de Gastrotricha e Tardigrada demonstrou melhores resultados pelo metodo da Jarra e Nematoda pelo metodo da Draga. Os tres metodos sao apropriados para amostragem da fauna perifitica em ambos os sistemas aquaticos. Entretanto, e importante estar ciente de que para cada tipo de ecossistema a amostragem da comunidade faunistica requer um metodo especifico para obter a melhor performance.

A Case of Bicytopenia Combined with Littoral Cell Angioma / 대한혈액학회지

Littoral cell angioma is a recently described vascular tumor of spleen with an unknown etiology. We present a case in a 74-year-old woman with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia and palpable splenomegaly. The computed tomography of abdomen showed well-defined multiple nodules in spleen. Splenectomy was performed and the histological and immunohistochemical features of splenic tumor were consistent with a littoral cell angioma. The patients had persistent anemia and thrombocytopenia after splenectomy. We suggest hepatic destruction or other autoimmune mechanism contributes persistent bicytopenia. This case illustrated the refractory bicytopenia combined with littoral cell angioma.